How to Praise Children or anyone for the matter

I've been reading up on the proper way to encourage good behaviour and values in children and people in general. Praise always ranks high up in any book - it's free and strokes the ego. But not praise is the same. Some are even counterproductive.

We should praise effort (regardless of success) and not intelligence. Eg "Good job! You must have worked very hard on this!" instead of "Wow! That's so clever!"

John Dehrer quotes a classic experiment in 'How We Decide'. John Medina in 'Brain Rules for Baby' goes through many others (scroll to end of this post). Here's a YouTube vid of his:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mGTk6yeh9qE&feature=youtube_gdata_player

Duckworth, AL & Seligman, ME (2005)
Self-discipline outdoes IQ in predicting academic performance in adolescents. Psych Sci 16(12): 939 - 944
Ericsson, KA (2009)
Development of Professional Expertise: Toward a Measurement of Expert Performance and Design of Optimal Learning Environments
Cambridge University Press (UK)
pp. 131 – 203
Colvin, G (2008)
Talent is Overrated: What Really Separates World-Class Performers from Everybody Else
Portfolio (Penguin) (NY)
pp. 17 – 36
Mueller CM & Dweck CS (1998)
Praise for intelligence can undermine children’s motivation and performance
J Pers & Soc Psych 75(1): 33 – 52
Mangels, JA et al (2006)
Why do beliefs about intelligence influence learning success? A social cognitive neuroscience model
Soc Cog & Affect Neurosci 1(2): 75 -86
Dweck, CS (2007)
The secret to raising smart kids
Scientific American Mind, Dec 2007/Jan 2008